PDE What factors relate?

Production
-Test screenings
-VFX Studio
-Legal
-Producer and writer
-Artists and designers


Distribution
-Marketing
-Youtube/Vimeo = advertisements
-Web distributor
-Film lab
-DVD retailer
-Merchandising
-Distributor

Exhibition
-Youtube/Vimeo = advertisements
-Web distributor
-Cable/Satellite TV
-DVD retailer
-Film subscription service
-Multiplex cinema

Film practice questions

1. When was the first Multiplex in the UK?
2. What was cinema attendance like in this time? 
3. What films were being played in the new Multiplexes (name and year?)
4. How were these Multiplexes encouraging audiences to go to the cinema?
5. Where are these Multiplexes built instead of the High Street and why?
6. What had happened to audience leisure patterns that meant 'Fleapit' cinemas lost popularity?
7. What advantages did Multiplexes offer cinema audiences and film distributors over Fleapits?
8. What reasons was cinema attendance low? (Technologies and Audience Leisure Patterns)

1) Built in Milton Keynes in 1985.

2) The attendance was declining because we were just coming out of a recession in the UK

3) Star Wars 1977, Jaws 1975 and The Godfather 1972, Saturday Night Fever, Fame.

4)New experience, gave the audience the illusion of more choice, better sound quality and V effects.

5) Shopping centres to attract people, potentially making more money as well as giving audiences an 'all-in-one experiences'

6) Multiplexes gave audiences more choice and had a lot more to offer which pushed independent cinemas aside, causing the public to become dependant on multiplexes for entertainment and a new experience.

7) Distribution costed less for distributors over fleapits and multiplexes had more to offer with merchandise and commercial resources and gave audiences a better experience.

8) The recession, Not developed technology.

Homework: Rise of the multiplex

Lesson 4.3.2: Rise of the multiplex
Watch Mark Kermode videos
What are the arguments about the multiplex?
Treat their audiences as 'cattle'.
Money not going in to paying for Ushers or Projectionists.
Too focused on profit (Raise in 2D film prices).
Compares them to supermarkets (Multiplex) more choice. Put's natural grocers out of business (Art house cinema).
Under Staffed, films are not always projected properly.
What is PDE?
Production - Overseeing and creation of the film
Distribution - The company which sells the film out to cinema's/multiplexes. Includes advertisement/marketing (Toys, games etc). A way of increasing revenue.
Exhibition - Sales/profit made from the film in the cinema.
What is the effect multiplex had or production, distribution and exhibition?
Distributors want 3D in the multiplex.
Production - Bigger films (Stupider films).
Exhibition - People still going to see films but not always enjoying them after.

Mock Question Planning

What social, economic and technological context gave rise to the Blockbuster film from 1975 - 1983? Refer to specific films in your answer.

Planning:

Social:

Due to the long work hours adults had during the 1970's their lives begin to become repetitive and wanted an escape from their regular lives and because they wanted to see something that they hadn't seen before which they couldn't just get from TV and cinema's provided a spectacle in which they could escape from which led to a rise in people actually going to the cinema. (E.T, Star Wars).

Teen audiences began to have a huge influence during 1975 because blockbuster hits attracted huge media attention which drew teenagers to go and see the film in the cinema rather than just pirating them since all the media attention turn't it in to an event movie for example Jaws is seen as one of the first event movies which attracted masses of people because it was something which had never been done in the cinema before.

Multiplexes were also always on the high street which would attract teenagers to create a bigger audience which could explain why the rise of multiplexes had a strong correlation with the increasing number of teenage cinema attenders. Multiplexes also began to appear on motorways because there was more space to build them and could attract a diverse audience.

Technological:

More special affects and technology was very appealing to the public since it created a spectacle and was something in which they hadn't seen before for example Star Wars introduced elements in to films which had not been seen before.

The early 80s caused an increase cinema popularity due to new technologies becoming available to big budget companies which allowed them to create a spectacle to give people a chance to have a brand new experience, like Jaws and Star Wars being two of the very first event movies.

Economic:

Multiplexes were bought in by American companies because they were worried that their films were not being seen by English audiences, English people wanted/expected to see bigger and better films which America provided such as Jaws which is classed as the first blockbuster which is exactly what English people wanted to see which drew them to the cinema. 

Jaws and Star Wars were two of the biggest grossing films during the 70s and 80s which attracted audiences because they had pre existing audiences and news worthy budgets which made people believe that because the the budget was huge the film would be something worth going out to see. (Event Movie)

Star Wars, Jaws and The Godfather

The Godfather (1972)

Had: A Listers
Didn't have: Special Effects
Sets the trend for film franchises.

Jaws (1975)

Had: Well known actors, mixture of story, had merchandise, hype and advertisement (a lot of money).
Didn't have: Simplistic story and lacked in special effects.
Formulaic Films beginning to rise, easier to create than a complex story.

Star Wars (1977)

Had: Special effects, Hype, merchandise advertisement, was formulaic
Didn't Have: A Story (White knight, Dark night)
Significant because it changed  the formula for films.

During the UK recession people did not have jobs, so they could not afford to go to the cinema so instead watched TV. (1970's)
Teenagers had a disposable income from parents which means that they did not have to work and got money from their parents labour.
'The Teenager' Was invented in the 1950s
Cinema attendance was going down in the 70s, blockbusters in the mid 1970's raised attendance again. Saved the industry. Can still be done well. (Inception, Godfather, Jaws, Star Wars) Done in an attempt to get people back to the cinema.
Rise in multiplexes. Invented by America production companies to lure audiences back to the cinema.
Industrial, Light and Magic: George Lucas and Steven Speilberg.

Exam planning

Revision